Q. 1: What is ISTQB?
ISTQB stands for "International Software Testing Qualifications Board". It is Belgium based International body legally established in the year 2002.
Software testing professionals from all over the world joined hands in formulating standardized contents for further education in the field of Software Testing. It is a multiple-choice exam & is an education program offered in 38 countries
ISTQB stands for "International Software Testing Qualifications Board". It is Belgium based International body legally established in the year 2002.
Software testing professionals from all over the world joined hands in formulating standardized contents for further education in the field of Software Testing. It is a multiple-choice exam & is an education program offered in 38 countries
The ISTQB has
come out with an International Qualification Scheme called"ISTQB
Certified Tester".
Presently there are two levels of exams leading to the specific levels of certification.
Presently there are two levels of exams leading to the specific levels of certification.
1) Foundation Level
Certification: Name of this certification is "Certified Tester Foundation
Level" (CTFL). This is the only one foundation level
exam.This is an entry-level certification meant for people entering the field
of testing and for experienced professionals desiring to move up the ladder of
ISTQB certifications.
Foundation
Level Certification offers evidence that the certified person has a broad
understanding of the key concepts & fundamental best practices of software
testing.
2) Advanced Level
Certification: This is the intermediate level certification. Name of this
certification is "Certified
Tester Advanced Level" (CTAL).
Advanced Level Certification offers evidence that the certified
person is a committed testing professional and has thorough understanding of
key concepts & advanced best practices of software testing.
The prerequisites for applying for the Advanced level exam are as under:
The prerequisites for applying for the Advanced level exam are as under:
A) For Bachelor’s Degree
(or higher) Holders in Computer Science or related fields
1) Must have passed the Foundation Level Exam
2) 24 Months of Testing Experience in IT, Testing, Development,
QA, Engineering or related fields (For any 2 sub-levels)
3) Min. 36 Months of experience mandatory for Advanced Level
Complete Certification (For all 3 sub-levels)
B) For Non Bachelor ’s
Degree (or higher) Holders in Computer Science or related fields
1) Must have passed the Foundation Level Exam
2) 60 Months of Testing Experience in IT, Testing, Development,
QA, Engineering or related fields
Sub Levels of Advanced
Level certifications: The Advanced Level certification exam has following three
inter-related sublevels. Candidate can go in for either or all of these
advanced level certifications.
Sub Level -1: Technical Test
Analyst
Sub Level -2: Test Analyst
Sub Level -3: Test Manager
Key Features of the 3 -
Advanced Sublevel exams
a) A single syllabus exists for all the three sublevels.
b) There is a separate paper for every sub-level and every exam is
of 180 Minutes Duration.
c) Sub-Levels can be taken up in any order.
d) An individual Certificate is granted on successful completion
of every sublevel exam.
Additional Advanced Level
Certification: After completing the above three advanced level certifications,
one can go in for an additional Advanced Level Certification by the name
"Advanced Level (CTAL) – Full Advanced Level". This is an exam of 1.5
hours duration.
3) Expert Level Certification: Has not started yet. Expert Level Certification is meant for leaders of the field of software testing with eight or more years of experience.
Expert Level Certification offers evidence that the certified person is a seasoned testing professional and has consistent understanding & execution of proven cutting edge techniques in testing.
3) Expert Level Certification: Has not started yet. Expert Level Certification is meant for leaders of the field of software testing with eight or more years of experience.
Expert Level Certification offers evidence that the certified person is a seasoned testing professional and has consistent understanding & execution of proven cutting edge techniques in testing.
Q. 3: Who
provides the ISTQB Certification?
Almost all-major countries are the member of the parent body i.e. ISTQB. These member countries have their local Software Testing Qualification Boards. These local boards provide their inputs to the syllabus and question papers for various exams including the process of examination.
Such boards conduct the exams strictly in accordance with the common syllabus defined by ISTQB & provide necessary certification.
In India, ITB (Indian Testing Board) is the ISTQB approved national board & provides the "ISTQB Certified Tester" Certification in India.
Almost all-major countries are the member of the parent body i.e. ISTQB. These member countries have their local Software Testing Qualification Boards. These local boards provide their inputs to the syllabus and question papers for various exams including the process of examination.
Such boards conduct the exams strictly in accordance with the common syllabus defined by ISTQB & provide necessary certification.
In India, ITB (Indian Testing Board) is the ISTQB approved national board & provides the "ISTQB Certified Tester" Certification in India.
Q. 4: What is the period
of validity of ISTQB Certifications?
1) ISTQB
Certified Tester - Foundation Level Certificate (CTFL): Valid for whole
Life.
2) ISTQB Certified Tester - Advanced Level Certificate (CTAL): Valid for whole Life.
2) ISTQB Certified Tester - Advanced Level Certificate (CTAL): Valid for whole Life.
Q. 5:
What are the Advantages of ISTQB Certifications?
1) It is a known fact that the common practices generally lag behind
the best practices by around 25 - 30 years. Basic advantage of ISTQB
certifications is that these are aimed at bringing the common practices to the
level of best practices.
2) ISTQB certifications are of International nature, whose
certificate is recognized in several countries across various continents.
3) Since the syllabus of ISTQB certification exams is targeted to
various concepts & techniques having real-world application, the ISTQB
certification carries respect of the highest order among the International
community.
4) ISTQB certification means an automatic certificate of sound practical knowledge & high caliber of the certified professional. This is certainly regarded as a golden feather in the cap of the certified person.
5) Due to great respect commanded by the ISTQB certification in the trade, it helps the aspirants in shaping their career path.
6) ISTQB certification provides a rock solid foundation for professional growth to the certified person.
7) ISTQB delivers value to the software testing profession itself.
4) ISTQB certification means an automatic certificate of sound practical knowledge & high caliber of the certified professional. This is certainly regarded as a golden feather in the cap of the certified person.
5) Due to great respect commanded by the ISTQB certification in the trade, it helps the aspirants in shaping their career path.
6) ISTQB certification provides a rock solid foundation for professional growth to the certified person.
7) ISTQB delivers value to the software testing profession itself.
Q. 6: What are the Salient Features of the
Foundation Level (CTFL) Exam?
1) It is a Knowledge Based Exam.
2) The aspirant need not have any prior experience.
3) No re-certification is required after some time, since the certificate remains valid for the whole life.
3) No re-certification is required after some time, since the certificate remains valid for the whole life.
4) The Syllabus
is very well structured & easy to understand.
5) This certification signifies that the:
a) Aspirant is committed to the software testing as a profession
b) Aspirant is very well conversant with various concepts and terminology of testing.
c) Aspirant is able to use the specialized techniques like code coverage analysis, boundary values analysis & Equivalence partitioning etc.
5) This certification signifies that the:
a) Aspirant is committed to the software testing as a profession
b) Aspirant is very well conversant with various concepts and terminology of testing.
c) Aspirant is able to use the specialized techniques like code coverage analysis, boundary values analysis & Equivalence partitioning etc.
Q. 7: What
is the Structure of Foundation Level Exam conducted by ITB?
This exam is designed to evaluate the aspirant’s knowledge &
understanding of the entire syllabus of Foundation level exam.
All ISTQB
Foundation exams use the same format with following features:
1) This is a Closed Book Exam – Requiring you to darken the appropriate circle with the help of a pencil.
2) Exam consists of 40 multiple-choice questions each carrying 1 point for the correct answer (Total 40 Points)
3) Each question presents 4 or 5 possible answers, out of which only one is the correct one.
4) Time allowed for finishing the test: 75 Minutes
5) Passing Score: More than 65% (Minimum 26 Points are required to pass)
6) There is no negative marking.
7) %age breakup of questions in the exam:
a) 50% Questions – K1 Level (To check basic knowledge & remembering ability of a concept)
b) 30% Questions – K2 Level (To check the ability to compare, classify & summarize)
1) This is a Closed Book Exam – Requiring you to darken the appropriate circle with the help of a pencil.
2) Exam consists of 40 multiple-choice questions each carrying 1 point for the correct answer (Total 40 Points)
3) Each question presents 4 or 5 possible answers, out of which only one is the correct one.
4) Time allowed for finishing the test: 75 Minutes
5) Passing Score: More than 65% (Minimum 26 Points are required to pass)
6) There is no negative marking.
7) %age breakup of questions in the exam:
a) 50% Questions – K1 Level (To check basic knowledge & remembering ability of a concept)
b) 30% Questions – K2 Level (To check the ability to compare, classify & summarize)
c) 20% Questions – K3 Level (To check the ability to analyze,
apply the knowledge. Can include Numericals as well)
Explanation of various Knowledge Levels or K-Levels
Explanation of various Knowledge Levels or K-Levels
8) Tentative Breakup of Syllabus for Foundation Level
Certification (CTFL).
a) The syllabus covers following six major topics & the following table indicates the number of questions expected in the exam.
a) The syllabus covers following six major topics & the following table indicates the number of questions expected in the exam.
No.
|
Chapter
|
Topics covered
|
No. of Questions Expected in the Exam
|
1.
|
The principles of testing
|
Terminology; why testing is necessary; fundamental test process;
psychology of testing; re-testing and regression testing; expected results;
prioritization.
|
7
|
2.
|
Testing throughout the lifecycle
|
Models for testing; economics of testing; high level test
planning; acceptance testing; integration testing in the large; functional
and non-functional system testing; integration testing in the small;
component testing; maintenance testing.
|
6
|
3.
|
Static testing techniques
|
Reviews and the test process; types of review; static analysis.
|
3
|
4.
|
Test design techniques
|
Dynamic testing techniques, (Behavioral) Black-box and
(structural) White-box testing techniques; error guessing, BVA etc.
|
12
|
5.
|
Test management
|
Organization; configuration management; test estimation,
monitoring and control; incident management; standards for testing.
|
8
|
6.
|
Tool support for testing
|
Types of CAST tool (Computer-Aided Software Testing); tool
selection and implementation.
|
4
|
Total No. of Questions
|
40
|
b) The following table indicates the chapter wise breakup of
questions according to different knowledge levels
No.
|
Chapter
|
K1
|
K2
|
K3
|
Total No. of Questions Expected in the Exam
|
1.
|
The principles of testing
|
4
|
3
|
0
|
7
|
2.
|
Testing throughout the lifecycle
|
4
|
2
|
0
|
6
|
3.
|
Static testing techniques
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
4.
|
Test design techniques
|
4
|
2
|
6
|
12
|
5.
|
Test management
|
3
|
3
|
2
|
8
|
6.
|
Tool support for testing
|
3
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
Total
|
20
|
12
|
8
|
40
|
9) Format of questions: In All ISTQB
Foundation exams questions are presented in two standard formats like:
1) Basic Format: Every question consists of a stem that includes the real question & offers four response options out of which one & only one is the best & the correct choice. Options other than the correct one are known as distracters. It is possible that a particular distracter statement may also be true otherwise, but is treated as incorrect response simply because it doesn’t qualify to be the best choice, when associated with the present question.
A sample question with explanation of related terms is as under.
Sample Question 1: Which of the following is a MAJOR task of test planning?
A. Scheduling test analysis and design tasks.
B. Initiating corrective actions.
C. Monitoring progress and test coverage.
D. Measuring and analyzing results.
1) Basic Format: Every question consists of a stem that includes the real question & offers four response options out of which one & only one is the best & the correct choice. Options other than the correct one are known as distracters. It is possible that a particular distracter statement may also be true otherwise, but is treated as incorrect response simply because it doesn’t qualify to be the best choice, when associated with the present question.
A sample question with explanation of related terms is as under.
Sample Question 1: Which of the following is a MAJOR task of test planning?
A. Scheduling test analysis and design tasks.
B. Initiating corrective actions.
C. Monitoring progress and test coverage.
D. Measuring and analyzing results.
Explanation: Here the stem
portion of the question is "Which of the following is a MAJOR task
of test planning?". Generally in some questions an extra emphasis
is laid on some particular word, for example in this sample question –MAJOR.
This type of emphasized word can appear in the form of All capitals, or can be
simply Bold, or can be written in Italics. Likewise common words that are used
in the exam for providing more emphasis are: MAJOR, USUALLY, KEY, MORE,
LEAST, MAIN, MOST, OFTEN, OPTIONALLY, MOST LIKELY, MUST
2) Roman Format: In the roman format type questions the stem of the question consists of many statements. Four types of response options & choices of likely answers depend upon the best combination of statements.
Roman format questions are further divided into two parts like
a) Roman simple format: A sample of roman simple format question with explanation of related terms is as under.
Sample Question 2: Some tools are geared more for developer use. For the 5 tools listed, which statement BEST details those for developers
I. Performance testing tools.
II. Coverage measurement tools.
III. Test comparators.
IV. Dynamic analysis tools.
V. Incident management tools.
2) Roman Format: In the roman format type questions the stem of the question consists of many statements. Four types of response options & choices of likely answers depend upon the best combination of statements.
Roman format questions are further divided into two parts like
a) Roman simple format: A sample of roman simple format question with explanation of related terms is as under.
Sample Question 2: Some tools are geared more for developer use. For the 5 tools listed, which statement BEST details those for developers
I. Performance testing tools.
II. Coverage measurement tools.
III. Test comparators.
IV. Dynamic analysis tools.
V. Incident management tools.
A. i, iii. and iv. are more for developers.
B. ii. and iv. are more for developers.
C. ii, iii. and iv. are more for developers.
D. ii. and iii. are more for developers.
B. ii. and iv. are more for developers.
C. ii, iii. and iv. are more for developers.
D. ii. and iii. are more for developers.
Explanation: Here the stem of the
question consists of five statements marked as I, II, III, IV & V. In exam
you can find these statements marked in roman small numerals like I, ii, iii,
iv, v or alphabetically it can be S,T,U, V etc.) or something quite similar.
The stem may have 2, 3, 4 or 5 statements as per the need. It may be noted that
all these stem statements may be true in their own sense; however the correct
answer shall be the one which completely describes the correctness of the
combination of statements.
b) Roman typical format: It is slightly more
difficult variant of roman type questions of K2 or K3 levels. A sample of roman
typical format question with explanation of related terms is as under. K3 type
questions sometimes contains some figures, flow charts, or small piece of codes
that are included in the stem part.
Sample Question 3: Match the following terms
and statements.
1.Decision Table Testing
2.Decision Testing
3.State Transition Testing
4.Exploratory Testing
W. Testing carried out w boxes to achieve specific test objectives, possibly to complement structured testing.
X. A test technique used which may be used to verify different system re depending on current conditions or previous history.
Y. A test technique which combines combinations of inputs that might not otherwise have been exercised during testing.
Z. A form of control flow testing based on decision outcomes.
Options:
A. 1Y, 2Z, 3X, 4W.
B. 1X ,2W, 3Z, 4Y.
C. 1Z, 2X, 3W, 4Y.
D. 1Z, 2Y, 3X, 4W.
1.Decision Table Testing
2.Decision Testing
3.State Transition Testing
4.Exploratory Testing
W. Testing carried out w boxes to achieve specific test objectives, possibly to complement structured testing.
X. A test technique used which may be used to verify different system re depending on current conditions or previous history.
Y. A test technique which combines combinations of inputs that might not otherwise have been exercised during testing.
Z. A form of control flow testing based on decision outcomes.
Options:
A. 1Y, 2Z, 3X, 4W.
B. 1X ,2W, 3Z, 4Y.
C. 1Z, 2X, 3W, 4Y.
D. 1Z, 2Y, 3X, 4W.
Explanation: Here the stem of the
question consists of two sets of statements marked as 1,2,3,4 & second set
W,X,Y,Z. For arriving at the correct answer, first set of statements need to be
carefully matched with the second set of statements.
Q. 8: What is the Syllabus for various
ISTQB certifications Exams?
Download the syllabus from the following links:
Download the syllabus from the following links:
The Advanced
Level syllabus is divided into three areas like:
a) Advanced behavioral testing or Black Box testing & testing standards for business oriented testing professionals.
b) Test automation and advanced structural testing or White Box testing for programmers & software testers.
c) Sophisticated test management concepts for Professional Managers.
a) Advanced behavioral testing or Black Box testing & testing standards for business oriented testing professionals.
b) Test automation and advanced structural testing or White Box testing for programmers & software testers.
c) Sophisticated test management concepts for Professional Managers.
The Advanced Level syllabus covers following topics:
a) Basic Aspects of Software Testing
b) Testing Processes
c) Test Management
d) Test Techniques
e) Testing of Software Characteristics
f) Reviews
g) Incident Management
h) Standards & Test Improvement Process
j) Test Tools & Automation
k) People Skills - Team Composition
b) Testing Processes
c) Test Management
d) Test Techniques
e) Testing of Software Characteristics
f) Reviews
g) Incident Management
h) Standards & Test Improvement Process
j) Test Tools & Automation
k) People Skills - Team Composition
ISTQB Foundation Practice Tests
#1 Amazon – the most important cloud player
#2 VMware going deeper into all things
#3 Microsoft is staking out its own turf
#4 Salesforce.com has proved it that enterprises really want the cloud
#5 Google was ‘Born’ in the cloud
#6 Rackspace is leading a massive coalition for free cloud software
#7 IBM – All in for OpenStack
#8 Citrix System is taking on VMware with some success
#9 Joyent offers powerful low cost alternative for big data centers
#10 SoftLayer Technologies – the key to success for two big players